Red Stone of Aja

The Red Stone of Aja (エイジャの赤石) is a perfect gemstone sought by the Pillar Men and the main plot device for Part II: Battle Tendency. The stone is said to be able to absorb light and refract it a million times which it then emits as a laser-like beam, and in conjunction with the stone mask, would enable Pillar Men to unlock their full potential, removing all weaknesses, including the inability to withstand sunlight. It's also known as the Super Aja (スパーエイジャ).

History
About 2,000 years ago, this perfect stone was in possession of an unnamed Roman Emperor. Kars, Esidisi, and Wamuu pursued it, and although successful in wiping out the entire Ripple clan at the time, they were ultimately unable to obtain it and were put to sleep inside a stone wall. The circumstances under their failure to retrieve it are unknown.

During their sleep, the Ripple users could not destroy the stone to prevent the Pillar Men from obtaining it, due to a legend passed down among Hamon users, warning that destroying the stone would cause the opposite and instead make defeating the Pillar Men even more difficult.

The Stone was passed down among many generations of Ripple users, presumably through the leader of each clan. It eventually ended up in the possession of Master Straizo (implying that Tonpetty may have had it at some point), who gave it to Lisa Lisa before his death during the events of Part II: Battle Tendency.

Battle Tendency
The Red Stone is first mentioned by the Pillar Men after their 2000 year slumber. After promptly defeating both Joseph and Caesar, the three set off to begin their search for it. Caesar takes Joseph to Venice where they meet Ripple Master Lisa Lisa who auspiciously had the stone in her possession.

Esidisi manages to locate the stone and, after his initial defeat, is able to ship it to Switzerland. Before the stone can cross the border however, it is confiscated by the German Army, or more specifically Colonel Rudol von Stroheim. During his and Joseph's encounter with Kars, the red stone goes sliding off a cliff, but Joseph is able to retrieve it after some struggle. Lisa Lisa then hides the stone somewhere in Switzerland before her and Joseph confront the pillar men in Kar's fortress. After threatening to blow up the stone with a time bomb, Lisa Lisa forms an agreement to fight with the pillar men one-on-one. Joseph is sent back to the hotel where he finds the stone in Lisa Lisa's luggage and sets off to the Skeleton Heel Stone.

During the final battles of Part 2, Kars was able to use the Red Stone of Aja to become the ultimate life form. However, just as he is about to deal the finishing blow to Joseph Joestar, Joseph is prompted to hold up the Stone, amplifying Kars' ripple several times and causing the volcano beneath them to erupt and blast Kars into space, where he remains unable to return to Earth and eventually stops thinking and desires death. The whereabouts of the Stone afterwards is unknown.

Trivia

 * Its name, Aja, is in reference to Steely Dan's most popular album of the same name, Aja. It could also be referencing the British progressive rock band, Asia.
 * Aja is literally pronounced as "Asia". 
 * Kaguya Houraisan from Touhou Project has a Spell Card named New Impossible Request "Red Stone of Aja" referencing it.
 * In the 18th chapter of Part VIII: JoJolion, a gem seen on a little girl's compact has a similar appearance to the Stone.
 * As one of the most famous items of the franchise, the Red Stone of Aja has appeared in several games.
 * It appears as one of Young Joseph's super moves in JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Heritage for the Future.
 * It appears as the main collectable item in one mission of Jojo's Bizarre Adventure World in Jump Ultimate Stars.
 * It appears as both Lisa Lisa's HHA (similar to Joseph's special move in Heritage for the Future) and the item that allows Pillar Men and Vampire characters to fight on stages that contain sunlight.
 * It appears as Joseph's Ultimate Hero Burst in J-Star Victory Vs as he uses it in the same way seen in the Capcom fighting game.